REASONS FOR CONVERSION OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS TO COMMERCIAL USES IN OGUI ROAD, ENUGU STATE FROM 2014 TO 2024

REASONS FOR CONVERSION OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS TO COMMERCIAL USES IN OGUI ROAD, ENUGU STATE FROM 2014 TO 2024

ABSTRACT

This study investigates the reasons for the conversion of residential buildings to commercial uses on Ogui Road, Enugu State, from 2014 to 2024. Utilizing a quantitative approach, data was collected via a questionnaire distributed to a sample of 105 respondents, with 98 valid responses analyzed. The primary objectives were to identify the factors driving these conversions, assess their impact on urban planning and infrastructure, and understand their social and economic effects. The findings indicate that the key drivers for conversion include increased rental income, high demand for commercial space, and strategic location factors such as proximity to major roads. Economic incentives were confirmed as significant motivators, consistent with similar studies conducted in other Nigerian cities. The conversions have notably impacted urban infrastructure, leading to increased traffic congestion and infrastructure deterioration. Socially, the trend has resulted in the displacement of long-term residents and higher housing costs. The study concludes that while economic factors primarily drive property conversions, the resulting strain on infrastructure and negative social impacts necessitate comprehensive management strategies. Recommendations include implementing stricter zoning regulations, improving infrastructure planning, and fostering community involvement in urban planning processes. These measures are intended to balance commercial development with residential needs and mitigate adverse effects on urban communities.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

Over the last decade, there has been a noticeable shift in the use of residential buildings for commercial purposes in many urban centers across Nigeria, particularly in Enugu State. Ogui Road, a major arterial road in Enugu, has experienced a significant increase in the conversion of residential buildings to commercial establishments. This phenomenon can be attributed to several factors, including urbanization, population growth, and increased demand for commercial spaces in strategic locations (Nwachukwu & Ezeh, 2020).

Urbanization has been a significant factor driving this change. As Enugu continues to grow and expand, the demand for land, especially for commercial purposes, has increased. Many property owners are converting residential buildings to commercial ones to capitalize on higher rental yields and increased property value. This trend is particularly evident along Ogui Road, which serves as a central business district and a major thoroughfare in the city (Chukwuemeka, 2019).

The increase in commercial activities on Ogui Road is also driven by its strategic location. The road connects several key areas in Enugu, making it a prime location for businesses looking to attract a wide range of customers. As a result, the conversion of residential properties into commercial spaces such as shops, offices, and restaurants has become commonplace (Ikechukwu, 2021).

Additionally, the lack of adequate planning and zoning regulations in Enugu State has contributed to the conversion of residential buildings to commercial use. In many cases, property owners take advantage of the absence of strict enforcement of zoning laws to change the use of their properties without obtaining the necessary approvals from the relevant authorities (Ugwuanyi, 2022). This situation often leads to haphazard development and a mix of residential and commercial activities that can create challenges for urban planning.

Economic factors also play a crucial role in this conversion process. The increasing cost of living and high unemployment rates in Nigeria have forced many residents to seek alternative sources of income. Converting residential properties into commercial spaces can provide a viable means of income generation, as commercial properties often command higher rents than residential ones (Obinna & Eze, 2018).

Moreover, the proliferation of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) has further fueled the demand for commercial properties in urban areas like Ogui Road. SMEs are attracted to locations with high foot traffic and visibility, which Ogui Road provides in abundance. This trend has encouraged more property owners to convert their residential buildings to accommodate the growing number of businesses (Okeke, 2023).

While there are several benefits to converting residential buildings for commercial use, there are also potential drawbacks. The change in land use can lead to increased traffic congestion, noise pollution, and a decline in the quality of life for remaining residents. Additionally, the conversion may strain existing infrastructure and public services, such as water supply and waste management (Nwafor, 2020).

Understanding the reasons behind the conversion of residential buildings to commercial uses in Ogui Road is critical for urban planners, policymakers, and the general public. By identifying the driving factors, stakeholders can develop strategies to manage this trend and ensure sustainable urban development in Enugu State.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

The conversion of residential buildings to commercial uses on Ogui Road has led to several urban development challenges. One of the major problems is the lack of a coherent urban planning framework to manage this rapid transformation. The uncontrolled and often unauthorized conversion of residential properties to commercial purposes has resulted in chaotic development patterns that disrupt the city’s spatial order (Ugwuanyi, 2022). This situation has created a conflict between the need for commercial expansion and the desire to maintain residential stability and community cohesion.

Another significant issue is the impact on the infrastructure and public services of the area. The increased commercial activity has led to a rise in traffic congestion, which has not only affected the ease of movement but has also increased air and noise pollution. The existing road network and drainage systems, which were initially designed for a predominantly residential neighborhood, are now overstretched, resulting in frequent breakdowns and flooding (Ikechukwu, 2021).

The social implications of this conversion are equally concerning. Many residents who have lived on Ogui Road for years are being displaced due to the conversion of residential properties. This displacement disrupts social networks and community ties that have been established over the years. In some cases, long-term residents are unable to find affordable housing within the same area, leading to social dislocation (Nwachukwu & Ezeh, 2020).

Lastly, the conversion of residential buildings to commercial use has led to a decline in the quality of life for the remaining residents. Noise from commercial activities, increased human traffic, and inadequate waste management are common complaints among those who still reside in the area. These factors contribute to a deteriorating living environment that can impact the physical and mental well-being of the residents (Obinna & Eze, 2018).

1.3 Aim and Objectives of the Study

The aim of this study is to examine the reasons for the conversion of residential buildings to commercial uses on Ogui Road, Enugu State, from 2014 to 2024.

Objectives:

1. To identify the factors that drive the conversion of residential buildings to commercial uses on Ogui Road.
2. To examine the impact of this conversion on urban planning and infrastructure in the area.
3. To assess the social and economic effects of this conversion on residents and businesses.
4. To explore possible solutions to manage the trend of converting residential buildings to commercial uses.

1.4 Research Question

1. What factors contribute to the conversion of residential buildings to commercial uses on Ogui Road?
2. How has the conversion affected urban planning and infrastructure in the area?
3. What are the social and economic impacts of this conversion on residents and businesses?
4. What strategies can be employed to manage the conversion trend?

1.5 Significance of the Study

This study is significant because it provides an in-depth understanding of the dynamics driving the conversion of residential properties to commercial use in a rapidly urbanizing area like Ogui Road, Enugu. By identifying the underlying causes and consequences, this research will help urban planners and policymakers formulate strategies to manage this trend more effectively (Okeke, 2023).

The findings of this study will also benefit property owners and investors by providing insights into the factors that make certain areas attractive for commercial activities. Understanding these factors can guide their investment decisions and help them maximize returns on their properties (Chukwuemeka, 2019).

Furthermore, the study will provide a framework for assessing the impact of such conversions on existing infrastructure and public services. It will highlight the need for improved urban planning and regulation to ensure that infrastructure development keeps pace with the increasing demand for commercial space (Nwafor, 2020).

For residents and local communities, the study will shed light on the social and economic implications of the conversion trend. It will address the concerns of displaced residents and suggest strategies to mitigate the negative impacts of rapid urbanization on their quality of life (Ugwuanyi, 2022).

Finally, this research will contribute to the academic discourse on urban development and land use management in Nigeria. It will provide valuable data and analysis that can be used for future studies in similar contexts across the country (Ikechukwu, 2021).

1.6 Scope and Limitation

This study focuses on the conversion of residential buildings to commercial uses on Ogui Road in Enugu State from 2014 to 2024. It examines the factors driving this trend, its impact on urban planning, infrastructure, and the socio-economic effects on residents and businesses. The study is limited to Ogui Road and does not cover other areas in Enugu State. Data collection is restricted to interviews, surveys, and official records within the specified period.

1.7 Definition of Operational Terms

Conversion: The change of use of a building from its original purpose to another, such as from residential to commercial use.

Commercial Use: The use of property for business purposes, including offices, retail shops, restaurants, etc.

Urbanization: The process by which cities grow, and higher population densities are experienced due to migration and economic development.

Infrastructure: Basic physical systems of a business or nation, including transportation, communication, sewage, water, and electric systems.

Zoning Regulations: Laws that define how property in specific geographic zones can be used.