THE ROLE OF MASS MEDIA IN EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA

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THE ROLE OF MASS MEDIA IN EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA

(A study of NTA Abuja on Gbagyi Community)

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1     BACKGROUND OF STUDY

Mass media has assumed a very important position in the educational development in Nigeria. This account for the Universal Free Primary Education –UPE in 1976 and subsequent launch of Universal Basic Education on September 30^th 1999 by President Olusegun Obasanjo. This development lead to establishment of new primary, secondary, post secondary school over the country.

The word-Education could be defined in various ways .In a very broad sense, education could be defined to include every agency which enables an individual to master his physical and social environment of which he is a member. It could be defined as a process or act of teaching, bringing up, instructing or enlightening. It can be learned formally or informally.

For the purpose of this study, education will be defined as an organisation and formal instruction which is given in educational establishments such as schools, colleges and universities.

Education has an important role to play in the socio-economic needs of a nation. The most important economic function of education is that of ensuring that the nation’s need for labour force is satisfied. Education also has a political role to play in the Nigeria society by maintaining stability in the political system of the country.

However, formal education in Nigeria is no longer confined to educational establishment alone.

The mass media, especially television have in recent times, taken a bold and positive step towards enhancing educational development in the country. An example of such medium is the Nigeria Television Authority Abuja.

Mass media comprises the institutions and techniques by which specialized groups employ technological devices, (that is the press, television, radio, films) disseminate information to large heterogeneous and widely dispersed audience.

Television is now inseparable with the society because of the numerous roles it plays in our society including educational function. The television transmits information to the targeted audience, this shows that it is responsible for most adjustment in the educational standard of g the people in the society.

Television helps in socialization of children on their cultural value. It educates the populace on religious practice. People are also educated and tested through brain test competition shows like T.V quiz, who wants to be a millionaire etc.

Mass media also carry out programmes on sex education on how people can protect themselves from unwanted pregnancy and diseases like HIV/AIDS programme “people leaving with HIV/AIDS” (PLWHA) on NTA Abuja.

This research work intend to examine the role of television in development education in Gbagyi society with a focus on National Television Authority (NTA) Abuja programmes.

It aims at finding out whether the television as a medium of mass media recognises their obligation to the society, especially in the area of educational development.

1.2     STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Television being an audio-visual medium influence people on their day to day activities. It teaches moral as well as bad behaviour, as people are exposed to various educative programmes. This research sought out the role of television in educational development in Nigeria with a focus on NTA Abuja.

The research is aimed at finding out whether the television is playing an effective role in education.

1.3     OBJECTIVE AND AIMS OF STUDY

1. To enlighten the educational system in Nigeria through the mass media.
2. To examine whether television has affected the people positively or negatively.
3. To highlight the areas of television programme that stimulates group discussion among people.
4. To make people know the educational value of television.
5.  To x-ray whether NTA Abuja is able to sensitize and educate the people Gbagyi society

1.4     RESEARCH QUESTIONS

1.  Does media in any sense contribute to the enhancement of societal academic pursuit?

2.  Have the country discovered the uniqueness of the media in the encouragement of education in the society?

3.  Can watching television improve the knowledge of the people in the society?

4.  In what ways has television affected the society positively?

 5. Does mass media help to enlighten the populace on education.

1.5     HYPOTHESES

Hypothesis 1

H_i:     Media contributes to the enhancement of society.

H_o:    Media does not contribute to enhancement of the society

Hypothesis 2

H_i­:     The country has discovered the uniqueness of the media in encouragement of education in the society.

H_o:    The country has not discovered the uniqueness of media in encouragement of education in the society.

     Hypothesis 3

H_i:     Watching television improves the knowledge of the people in the society.

H_i:     Watching television does not improve the knowledge of the people in the society,

1.6     SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This study hopefully will help identify the role played by television in educational development of Gbagyi society.

The study is expected to examine and analysis the impact of television on education.

The work will benefit mass outfits and media practitioners on the need to include in their  day to day activities some of the programmes that can promote and improve education such quiz, debate, brain test, cultural programmes etc.

Future researchers could as well benefit from this work as it will complement their research effort.

Institutions will through the result of this research discover the best way to use television and the benefits one can acquire from it.

Government will also see the importance of mass media in achieving educational objectives in the society.

At the end of this research, the masses will benefit immensely by knowing the best way to use television and what type of programmes that can add to them academically.

1.7     SCOPE OF THE STUDY

This research work has been narrowed down to the role of mass media in educational development in Nigeria with a focus on NTA Abuja on the Gbagyi community.

Therefore, the scope of study shall be limited to the people of Gbagyi tribe in Karu Local Government Area of Nasarawa State due to time available and other logistics.

Yet the study discuss extensively on the concept of broadcasting, television, television programmes and others.

However, to effectively discuss the subject matter of this research, effort shall be trade on the demographic factors of NTA Abuja staff and management such as age, gender, academic background, work experience etc. will be studied before the restructuring and administration of questionnaire.

1.8     AREA OF STUDY  

Gbagyi (also spelled Gwari and Gbari) is an ethnic group in the central Nigeria. They are predominantly found in Niger, Kaduna, Nasarawa State and the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja.

This research work focuses on Karu Local Government Area of Nasarawa State which is highly populated with Gbagyi tribe to represent other Gbagyi communities all over the country.

Karu is a local government area in Nasarawa state central Nigeria. It is close to proximity to the federal capital territory of Nigeria. It has an area of 2,640km and has its headquarter in New Karu Town which in combination consist of towns and villages along the Keffi-Abuja express way making up the Nyanya-Masaka urban centre.

1.9     DEFINITION OF TERMS

Mass media: These comprises of institutions and technique by which specialized groups employ technological devices, that is  the press, television, radio, films disseminate information to large and heterogeneous and widely dispersed audience.

Television: As it is used in this study means an instrument used in the dissemination of information making use of audio visuals and intended to reach larger heterogeneous and widely dispersed audience.

Broadcasting: This is an act of disseminating information to widely dispersed audience.

Education: It refers to the knowledge acquire by an individual through television medium.

Development: It refers to the improvement in the educational system in the society.

Role: The operation or duty of the mass media in educational development.

Community: This refers to group of people sharing a common understanding who reveal themselves by using the same language, manners, tradition and law.  

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